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历年北京中考英语常考知识点汇总

1. stop to do sth. stop doing sth.

stop to do sth”表示停止做其它事情而去做“ to do sth”所表示的事情,可以将“ to do sth”理解成“ stop”的目的状语;“ stop doing sth”表示不做“ doing sth”所表示的事情。

例如:“ Stop talking. Let’s begin our classsaid the teacher. 老师说:“别说话了,让我们开始上课。

We have kept doing our homework for a long time. Let’s stop to listen to music. 我们做家庭作业很长时间了,让我们停下来听听音乐。

2. forget to do sthforget doing sth. ( remember to do sth. remember doing sth)

forget to do sth”表示将来不要忘记做某事,谈的是未来的事情;“ forget doing sth”表示忘记过去应该做的事情。

例如:“ Dont forget to do your homeworksaid the teacher before the class was over.

老师在下课前说:“不要忘记做家庭作业。

I’m sorry. I forgot doing my homework. May I hand it in this afternoon, Mr. Chen?said Li Ming.

李明说:“对不起,我忘记做家庭作业了。我今天下午交好吗,陈老师”

3. have sth. done(过去分词)(让别人)做某事

例如: I had my hair cut yesterday afternoon. 我昨天下午理了发。

My computer can not work now. I must have it repaired. 我的电脑有故障了,我必须让人修好它。

4. 感官动词后接不带 to的不定式或者现在分词的区别

例如: see sb. do sth看见某人(经常)做某事和 see sb. doing sth看见某人(正在)做某事

I often see him do exercise in the morning. 我经常在早晨看见他锻炼身体。

When I was walking in the park, I saw him drawing a picture there. 当我在公园散步的时候,我看见他正在那里画画。

5例如: The boss often made the workers work 10 hours a day.

The workers were made to work 10 hours a day.

She was heard to use strong language. 听说她骂人了。

6.常用的几个和不定式有关的句型:

Why not do sth? 为什么不做某事

It takes/ took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花了某人多长时间。

It is/ was+形容词+( for sb)+ to do sth. 做某事(对某人来说)怎么样。

7. 介词后面一般接动名词。同学们要特别注意介词 to和不定式符号 to的区别,例如下面的词组一定要记清

prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢做……不喜欢做……

look forward to doing sth. 期待/盼望做某事

make a contribution to doing sth. 为……做出贡献

8. 现在分词和过去分词做定语的区别

A. 现在分词含有正在进行的意思,而过去分词含有被动或者已经完成的意思,如:

a developing country发展中国家 a developed country发达国家

boiling water正在沸腾的水(一般情况下水温为 100℃) boiled water开水(已经烧开的水,水温可以依然很高,也可以是凉白开)

a boy named Jim一个叫 Jim的男孩

B. 有些动词的现在分词和过去分词都具有形容词特征,但是它们的意思有区别。它们的 - ing形式往往用来说明事物的特征;他们的 - ed形式表示被动的意思,用来说明人的情况。

I am interested in this interesting story. 我对这个有趣的故事感兴趣。

I am moved at the moving sight. 我被这动人的情景感动了。

They were amazed at the amazing facts. 他们对那些令人惊异的事实感到惊奇。