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一、 spend的主语通常是人,句型有:
1. (sb) spend some money/ some time on sth
2. (sb) spend some money/ some time (in) doing sth
例如:
I spent fifty yuan on the coat. = I spent fifty yuan (in) buying the coat. 我花 50元买了这件大衣。
He spent three days on the work. = He spend three days (in) doing the work. 他干这项工作用了 3天。
3. spend money for sth. 花钱买……
例如: His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。
二、 take常用于“占用、花费”时间,后面常跟双宾语,其主语通常为形式主语" it"或物。句型有:
1. It takes/ took sb. some time to do sth
例如: It will take me two days to do the work. 这项工作将会花去我 2天时间。
2. Doing sth./ sth. takes sb. some time.
例如: The work will take me two days. 这项工作将会花去我 2天时间。
Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。
It took me three years to draw the beautiful horses. = Drawing the beautiful horses took me three years. 画这些漂亮的马花费了我 3年时间。
三、 pay为“付款、赔偿”之意,主语通常是人,句型有:
1. sb. pays some money for sth
例如: I paid fifty yuan for the coat. 我花 50元买了这件大衣。
2. pay( sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买……
例如: I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付 20英磅的房租。
3. pay money back还钱
例如: May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I'll pay it back next week. 你能借给我 12块钱吗?下周还你。
4. pay off one's money还清钱
四、 cost的主语是物或某种活动,还可以表示“值”。句型有:
1. sth. costs( sb.)+ money某物花了(某人)多少钱
例如: A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。
2. (doing) sth. costs( sb.)+ time某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间
例如: Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。
注意: cost的过去式及过去分词都是 cost,并且不能用于被动句。