常用 the的情况:
特指、重现用定冠;独一无二把冠添。
党、政、机关开会议,组织农业帽在前。
江山河海和峡湾;沙岛有帽较安全。
阶级国家分朝代;厂矿造船要带衔。
节目奏乐衣冠严,习惯随俗记心间。
注:冠、帽、衔之类均指定冠词。
定冠词的习惯用法:
①某家人或某夫妇一般用 the+复数。如: the Smiths
②表示整个民族或族人一般加 the。如 the Chinese/ English
③少数山脉群岛也不用 the。如 Mount Tai。如名词中有 of短语则一般有 the.如: the Mountain of seven sighs.
④中国的湖泊一般加 the。如: the West Lake.
⑤ the+ adj表示类别。如: the rich.如: the rich.
⑥年代,年龄的约数前常用 the。如: in the 1950 s, in his teens.
⑦表计量单位用 the含有“每”、“每一”
It sells at two dollars the pound.
It sells 16 dollars to the pound.
John is paid by the hour.
⑧下列结构中的冠词。
- have+ the+抽象名词+ to do sth= be so+ adj+ as to do sth
如: He has the politeness/ kindness to say hello to me.
= He is so polite/ kind as to say hello to me.
不用冠词的场合
抽象、物质、专有名,代词基数用作限定;
泛指节假季节星期几,球棋、呼语与餐名;
刊物、公告与标题,普通名词并列紧相邻;
唯一职位,学科与语种,洲、国、省、市、县街路名。
上述口诀用心牢记,并结合下列说明予以理解
①抽象、物质名词和专有名词一般无冠词,但物质名词、抽象名词具体化,或专有名词泛指时,常用不定冠词,例:
a Mr Wang/ a climb/ a swim.
for a while/ in a hurry/ a fire Here is a life of struggle.
Physics is a science. There was a heavy rain last night.等抽象名词受 of短语修饰或上下文已予限定,用 the.
如: the science of speech sounds语音学
the music of the film, do me the favor to do sth.
②代数词、基数词作前置定词,不用冠词。
③泛指的节假日、季节、星期前不用冠词。但是季节名词表特定时间或受 of知识修饰时用 the.如: in the winter of 1948。
有时泛指时间用 a+ adj+名词。如: have a hot summer.
④餐名前一般无冠词。但餐名受 adj修饰时常常有 a (an).特指时用 the.
如: have a good supper. The breakfast was well cooked.
dinner表“宴会”时,是可数名词,有各种冠词修饰 give a dinner to them.
⑤普通名词并列时不用冠词
soul and heart/ husband and wife/ day after day/ arm in arm/ hand in hand.
⑥语种前不用冠词。但 the English结构用 the。
What\ ' s the English for labour.
The English of shakespear.
作限定时用 the.
⑦广场、公园、学校、建筑物等专有名词,由“专有名词+普通名词”构成时不用冠词。但 the University of Beijing结构和 the Beijing station中用 the.