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一、该结构的句法功能
“ to+ one's+情感类名词”结构在句中常用作插入语,表示说话人的态度、观点等。一般位于句首,并用逗号将其与句子的
主干部分分隔开,其作用相当于结果状语,句子的主干部分是引起这一结果的原因。同学们若能在书面表达中适当运用这一结构,可
以增强文章的感染力。例如:
To my surprise, I was the first one to come to the classroom this morning.
使我感到惊讶的是,今天早上我是第一个来到教室的。
To his parents ' disappointment, he failed in the exam.
令他父母失望的是,他没有通过这次考试。
二、用于该结构中的情感类名词
用于这一结构的名词通常是一些表示高兴、惊讶、悲伤、满意、失望、遗憾等表示情感的名词。常见的主要有: astonishment
(惊讶), amazement(惊愕), annoyance(烦恼,恼火), delight(高兴), dismay(惊慌、愕然), disappointment
(失望), joy(高兴), relief(欣慰,释然), regret(遗憾), surprise(惊讶), satisfaction(满意),
sorrow(悲伤)等。例如:
To my great relief, the difficulties were all overcome.
使我感到欣慰的是,困难全都克服了。
To our amazement, the face of the city keeps on changing every day.
令我们大为惊异的是,这座城市的面貌每天都在发生变化。
三、该结构与其它结构的替换
这一结构可转换为“ to the+情感类名词+ of sb”。例如:
“ To the great joy of me, I pick up a lot of passengers during rush hours,” said the taxi driver. 出租车司
机说:“令我开心的是,高峰时期我拉到了很多乘客。”
To the delight of the teacher, some of his students become engineers.
令这位老师高兴的是,他的一些学生成为了工程师。
四、该结构的强调句式
“ to one's+情感类名词”结构的强调句式有两种: 1. 在介词 to前面加 much来加强程度; 2. 在情感类名词前用 great
, deep等形容词修饰。例如:
Much to my annoyance, he kept silent about some of the things that happened at school.
令我大为恼火的是,他对在学校发生的一些事情保持沉默。
To his deep sorrow, his grandfather died in a car accident yesterday.
令他悲痛万分的是,他爷爷昨天死于车祸。