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worth意为“值……的,有……的价值的”等,常常用作形容词,在句中一般作表语,有时也可用作定语,如: a place worth seeing(值得一看的地方), a dictionary worth $50(一本值 50美元的词典)等。
worth用作表语时,不能单独使用,其后通常接动词的 - ing形式,而不能接动词不定式。常用的句式有:
1.“主语+ be+ worth+动词的 - ing形式+……”此时,句子的主语就是 worth之后动词 - ing形式的逻辑宾语。例如:
Now John is worth talking to.(现在值得与约翰谈一谈。)
He isn't worth getting angry with.(犯不上跟他生气。)
注意:动词的 - ing形式之后的介词不可省去。 worth后面的动词 - ing形式一般用主动形式表示被动意义,而不能直接用被动形式。试比较:
正: The film isn't worth seeing.
误: The film isn't worth being seen.
2.“ It(形式主语)+ be+ worth+动词的 - ing形式+……”,例如:
It isn't worth repairing the bike.(这辆自行车不值得修理了。)
Is it worth visiting the city?(这个城市值得参观吗?)
一般来说, worth前面可用 well, really, very much, hardly, easily等词语修饰,但一般不用 very修饰。例如:
This is really worth doing.(这确实值得一做。)
He has something very much worth saying.(他有些话很值得讲。)
请比较:
正: This book is worth reading.
正: It is worth reading this book.
正: This book is well worth reading.
误: Reading this book is worth.
误: This book is worth being read.
误: This book is very worth reading.
worth的下列用法也值得注意:
( 1)表示“值(多少钱)”的意思时,其后主要接表示钱数或类似的词语。例如:
This picture is worth 100 yuan.(这幅画值 100元。)
A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.(双鸟在林不如一鸟在手。)(谚语)
( 2)表示“值得”的意思,后接某些名词。例如:
His words are worth notice.(他的话值得注意。)
Is it worth all the trouble?(费那么多事值得吗?)
( 3)表示“拥有……价值的财产”的意思。例如:
He is worth a million dollars.(他拥有百万家产。)
( 4)用作名词,表示物质、精神等方面的“价值”时, worth是不可数名词,如: a picture of great worth(一幅价值昂贵的画), a man of worth(很有价值的人)。
( 5)用在一些习惯用语中,如: for all one is worth(尽力,尽量地), for what it's worth(不论真伪), worth one's salt(胜任的,称职的,值得雇佣的)。