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一般来说,英语句子中的谓语动词既要与主语保持一致,又要受时态限制,但有时也会见到一些看似不合常理的情况。如:
1._______ be sent to work there?
A.Who do you suggest B.Who do you suggest that should
C.Do you suggest who D.Do you suggest whom should
(答案: A)
2. The judge ordered the prisoner be remanded. 法官命令将犯人还押候审。
在 1中,按主谓一致的一般规律,与主语 Who搭配,谓语动词应为 is或 are;在 2中,谓语 be remanded看上去既和主语不一致,又和主句时态不协调。
上面两例看似不合常理,究其原因,都是因为省略了助动词 should,才造成这种谓语动词在形式上不受主语和时态限制。
英语中,从句中可以省略 should而使谓语动词不受主语和时态限制,主要有下列三种情况:
一、某些表示“建议、要求”的动词后接宾语从句用“ sb./ sth. (should)+动词原形”的形式,表示“建议、要求做某事”。这类动词有: suggest(建议), order(命令), advise, demand, require等。如:
They suggested that Tom (should) start as early as possible. 他们建议汤姆及早动身。
注意: suggest如不表示“建议”,而表示“暗示、表明”等含义时,从句用陈述语气,谓语动词受主语和时态限制。如:
The smile on his face suggested that he was very pleased. 他脸上的笑容表明他很满意。
二、在“ It is/ was+表语(如 important, necessary等)+ that从句”中,“ sb./ sth. (should)+动词原形”表示“要求、建议”。如:
It's necessary that you (should) be ready before 5 o'clock. 你有必要在五点前做好准备。
It's important that we (should) study hard when we are young. 年轻时我们应努力学习,这一点很重要。
三、在“ It is/ was+表语(如 strange, a pity等)+ that从句”中,“ sb./ sth. (should)+动词原形”表示“惊讶”等情绪。如:
It's a pity that she (should) call black white. 真遗憾,她竟然颠倒黑白。
It's strange that she (should) have passed the college entrance examination. 真奇怪,她竟然通过了大学录取考试。
注:如不表示“惊讶”等情绪,本句型可直接用陈述语气,谓语动词受主语和时态限制。