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在英语学习中,“强调结构”是一种常见的句子表达方式。所谓“知己知彼,百战不殆”,故了解一些学习它的易错点对于同学们来说是十分重要的。今天小编就带领大家一起来看看吧!
一、关于结构中的 that
此结构中,除强调的是作主语或宾语的人时可以用 who外,其它任何情况都只能用 that。如:
It was Kate that/ who told me about it.
是凯特告诉那件事的。
It was yesterday afternoon that she told me about it.
是昨天下午她把那件事告诉我的。( that不能用 who替代)
二、关于结构中 be的形式
原句中谓语动词是过去式,强调结构的 be用 was,原句谓语动词是现在时或将来时,强调结构的 be用 is。如:
It is he that likes playing games.
是他喜欢打游戏。
It is tomorrow that we will have a meeting.
是明天我们要开会。
注: be有时与表示推测的情态动词连用。如:
It must be John that/ who cleaned the room.
一定是约翰打扫房间的。
三、关于主谓一致问题
被强调的是原句的主语时,要注意 that/ who后的谓语动词与原句主语一致。如:
It is I that am in trouble.
是我陷入了困境。
It is you that are wrong.
是你错了。
四、强调结构的省略式
— Who is making so much noise in the garden?
谁在花园里吵闹?
— It is the children.
就是那些小孩呀。(= It is the children that are making so much noise in the garden.)
五、如何强调否定句
要将 not一同强调,构成“ It is/ was not… that/ who…”。如:
It is not he that/ who studies French.
学法语的不是他。(原句: He doesn't study French.)
六、如何强调双宾语
无论强调哪个宾语,都必须根据动词的搭配关系,加上 to或 for。如:
原句: He gave Mary a pen.
强调直接宾语: It was Mary that he gave a pen to.
强调间接宾语: It was a pen that he gave to Mary.
七、强调结构作宾语时的语序
要与陈述句语序相同。如:
I don't know where it is that he has gone.
我不知道他去哪里了。
八、强调结构与类似句型的区别
判断是否是强调结构的方法是:去掉 it is/ was和 that/ who后,剩余部分(经调整后)是否依然是个完整的句子,若是,就是强调结构,否则就不是。
It is a pity that you could not come.
真遗憾,你不能来。(去掉 It is和 that后,句子不成立,是形式主语句型。)
It was at ten that he got home.
他是十点回到家的。(去掉 it was和 that后,原句可调整为“ He got home at ten.”,句子完整正确,故这是强调结构。)
通过以上学习,同学们是不是更清楚“强调结构”的用法了呢?