英语基本语序为主语在前，谓语在后。有时为了某种需要，如保持句子平衡、强调或固定的句型结构，而把谓语放在主语之前，这种语序叫倒装语序。在英语中，倒装有两种：全部倒装和部分倒装。今天我们就一起来看看这两种倒装吧！
一、全部倒装——把谓语全部放在主语之前，叫全部倒装。
1. There be句型中，用全部倒装。例如：
There was nobody in this school.
There is something wrong with the machine.
There are different opinions on it.
2. here/ there/ now/ then/ thus/ in/ up/ away等副词位于句首，谓语动词常用 come/ go/ lie/ run等，要用全部倒装。例如：
Here comes the bus!
There goes the bell.
Then followed three days of heavy rain!
注意：如主语是人称代词，则只把副词提前位于句首，主语和谓语的位置不倒装。例如：
Here they come!
Away they went.
3.如果句子把地点状语提前，谓语动词为 be/ sit/ come/ go/ lie/ stand等，需要全部倒装。例如：
On the hill stands a temple.
Around the corner exist two banks.
On every piece of paper was a picture of a horse.
4.为了句子平衡或强调，将表语置于句首，也用全部倒装。例如：
Gone are the days when we lived in the countryside.
Present at the meeting are my friends from South America.
5.直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首，需全部倒装。例如：
" What are you doing?" asked the teacher.
但如果主语为代词或谓语还有其他词修饰，则不倒装。例如：
" What are you doing?" he asked.
" How do you feel these days?" The teacher asked me like my mother.
二、部分倒装——只把助动词、情态动词或系动词放在主语之前，叫部分倒装。
1.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句用部分倒装。例如：
Do you have any ink?
What do you usually do on Sundays?
2.否定副词位于句首，如 no/ not/ never/ seldom/ little/ hardly/ rarely/ nowhere等，或否定副词短语位于句首，如 in no way, on no account, at no time, in no case, by no means等，句子用部分倒装。例如：
Never in my life have I heard such a thing.
Seldom does he come recently.
Hardly could she believe her own eyes.
At no time and under no circumstances will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.
3.以否定词 hardly/ scarcely... when, not only... but also, no sooner... than等开头的关联结构，句子进行部分倒装。例如：
Hardly/ Scarcely had he got on the bus when he heard a shout.
No sooner had I gone to sleep than the telephone rang.
Not only did he buy a bike for me but he also sent it to my house.
4.在 so... that, such... that句型中，如 so/ such位于句首，前半句倒装。例如：
So busy is he that he has no time to play with his daughter.
Such a good person was my teacher that we all admired her.
5. only位于句首修饰状语，则进行部分倒装。例如：
Only then did I realize that I was wrong.
Only when he is seriously ill does he go to hospital.
但当 only修饰其状语不位于句首，或位于句首的 only用来修饰的不是状语，而是主语，则不倒装。例如：
Only a doctor can do it.
6. so/ neither/ nor等位于句首，表示“也是”，“也不是”，进行部分倒装。例如：
Tom is very kind, so am I.
He doesn't care much for sweets, nor do I.
但当 so/ neither/ nor等引导的句子主谓不倒装时，则表示后者对前者说话的肯定和确认。例如：
— Tom is not good at English.
— Neither he is.
7. as引导让步状语从句时，从句用部分倒装。结构为：名词（不加冠词）/形容词/副词+ as+主语+谓语。例如：
Child as he was, he could speak two languages.
Tired as she was, she went on cooking.
8.在含有 were/ should/ had的虚拟条件句中，可以省略 if，而把这三个词提前。例如：
Had you told me earlier, I could have done better.
Should anyone call, tell me in time.
Were I you, I would try it again.
9. such作表语置于句首时，则部分倒装。例如：
Such is my teacher.
Such are the words.
10.在某些表示祝愿的句子里。例如：
May you be happy!
