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动词的 - ing形式既包括动名词又包括现在分词,在英语中使用极其广泛,同时也是中考中的重要考点,因此要求每位初中学生对其都应清楚了解并正确运用。下面就动词的 - ing形式在句中做定语总结如下:
动词的 - ing形式做定语在句中通常有两个位置,如果是单个的动词的 - ing形式做定语,常放在被修饰词前做前置定语;如果是动词的 - ing形式的短语做定语,常放在被修饰词后做后置定语。如:
1. He is an attacking player. 他是一个攻击型的运动员。
2. He asked an embarrassing question. 他提了一个令人难堪的问题。
3. A little child learning to walk often falls. 学走路的小孩常常跌跤。
4. Do you know the number of people coming to the party? 你知道来参加晚会的人数吗?
注意:当 - ing形式做后置定语时,可以相当于相应的定语从句。如:
1. A young man writing novels came to speak to us yesterday.
→ A young man who writes novels came to speak to us yesterday.
一位写小说的青年昨天来向我们作报告。
2. The girl sitting next to me was my cousin.
→ The girl who was sitting next to me was my cousin.
坐在我旁边的姑娘是我表妹。
- ing形式做定语通常从以下三方面考查,即:
1.说明被修饰词的性质,特征或用途。如:
1) They set up an operating table in a small temple. 他们将手术台架设在一座小庙里。
2) He may be in the reading room, for all I know. 他说不定在阅览室里。
3) Ladies and gentlemen, please go and wait in the meeting room. 女士们先生们,请去会议室等待。
2.与被修饰词为主动关系且表示正在进行的动作。如:
1) There were about 200 children studying in the art school. 有大约二百个孩子在这所艺术学校学习。
2) Who is the woman talking to our English teacher? 正在和我们英语老师谈话的那位妇女是谁?
3.有些 - ing形式已经转化成形容词,常做定语用来修饰物,表示“令人……”。常用的此类词有: exciting, amusing, amazing, astonishing, shocking, puzzling, confusing, disappointing, discouraging, pleasing, striking, boring, tiring, touching, moving, interesting, satisfying, terrifying, frightening等。如:
1) That must have been a terrifying experience. 那准时一段可怕的经历。
2) The experiment was an amazing success. 那项试验是一个惊人的成功。
3) There is a page missing from this book. 这本书缺了一页。
除了 - ing形式能做定语外,如果 - ing形式与被修饰词是被动关系,就用它的被动式,即 being done通常表示正在被做,常做后置定语。如:
1. The tall building being built now is our new school. 正在被建的高楼是我们的新学校。
2. The question being discussed was presented by the headmaster. 正在被讨论的问题是被校长提出的。
通过以上学习,现在同学们都清楚动词 - ing形式作定语的正确用法了吧!希望大家都能在中考中取得一个好成绩哦!