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2013中考英语备考:意义一致原则

意义一致原则虽然是个相对抽象的概念,但是并不难掌握。了解意义一致原则对初中学生非常重要,因为它也是常见考点之一。今天就让我们一起来学习一下这个知识点吧!

1、表时间、距离、价格、度量等的名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。例如:

Twenty years is not a long time.

Ten dollars is too dear.

2、有些集合名词,如 family/ team等作主语时,如作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数;如指其中每个成员,则用复数。例如:

My family is big one.

My family are watching TV.

3、不定代词由 all/ most/ more/ some/ any/ none等作主语时,也要依这些代词表示的意义来决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果代词代表复数可数名词,谓语动词用复数;如果代词代表单数可数名词或不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。例如:

All of the work has been finished.

All of the people have gone.

4、疑问代词作主语时,其谓语动词也有两种情况:主语表示复数意义,谓语动词用复数;主语表示单数意义,则谓语动词用单数。例如:

Who is your brother?

Who are League members?

5、“分数或百分数+ of+名词”构成的词组作主语时,其谓语动词要以 of后面的名词而定。名词是复数,谓语动词用复数:名词是单数,谓语动词用单数。例如:

It is said that 35 percent of the doctors are women.

Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.

6half/ the rest等表示不定数量的名词作主语时,如果所指为复数意义,动词用复数;如果所指为单数意义,动词用单数。例如:

I have read a large part of the book, the rest is more difficult.

Only ten students attended the class because all the rest were off sick.

7、由 what引导地主于从句作主语时,通常谓语动词用单数形式。但如果所指内容为复数意义时,谓语动词用复数形式。例如:

What she said is correct.

What she left me are a few old books.

8、凡是以“定冠词+形容词(或分词)”作主语,往往根据意义一致的原则决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果这种主语指的是一类人,谓语动词用复数;如果指的是一个人或抽象概念,谓语动词用单数形式。例如:

The sick have been cured and the lost have been found.

The dead is a famous person.

通过以上学习,现在清楚什么是意义一致原则了吗?