1. We don’ t care if a hunting dog smells_____, but we really don’ t want him to smell____.
A. well, well B. bad, bad
C. well, badly D. badly, bad
【陷阱】容易误选 B,认为两个 smell均为连系动词,后接形容词作表语。
【分析】这是 1995年的一道上海高考题,最佳答案为 D。句中的第一个 smell为实义动词,意为“闻气味”、“嗅觉”, smell badly意为“嗅觉差”;第二个 smell为连系动词,意为“闻起来(有某种气味)”, smell bad意为“闻起来气味难闻”。全句意为“我们并不介意一条猎狗的嗅觉不好,但我们的确不希望它的气味难闻”。
2. “_____ do you think of your English teacher?”“ Oh, he is an_____ man.”
A. What, interesting B. What, interested
C. How, interesting D. How, interested
【陷阱】容易误选 D,认为第一空应填 how,表示“如何”;第二空应填 interested,因为有的书上说– ing形容词主要说明事物, - ed形容词主要说明人。
【分析】其实最佳答案应是 A。英语中表示汉语的“你觉得……如何”时,可用 How do you like...? 或 What do you think of...? 注意两者搭配不同,即 like与 how搭配, think of与 what搭配。另一方面,有的书认为: - ing形容词说明事, - ed形容词说明人。此说法在很多情况下是可行的,但表述欠严谨。严谨的表述应该是:表示使(别)人感到如何,用 - ing形容词;表示人自己本身感到如何,用 - ed形容词。比较:
All the children are interested. 所有的孩子都很感兴趣。
All the children are interesting. 所有的孩子都很有趣。
I read an interested expression on his face. 我看到他脸上露出一种感兴趣的表情。
I read an interesting expression on his face. 我看到他脸上露出一种有趣的表情。
再比较:
He is frightened. 他很害怕。
He is frightening. 他很吓人。
He has a frightened look on his face. 他脸上带有惊恐的神情。
He has a frightening look on his face. 他脸上带有吓人的神情。
3. The operation was successful, but I still felt_____.
A. very painful B. much painful
C. a lot of pain D. very paining
【陷阱】容易误选 A,想当然地认为: pain表示“痛”,其形容词 painful自然表示表示“感到疼痛的”。
【分析】其实 painful的意思并不是“感到疼痛的”,而是表示“使人感到疼痛的”、“使人感到痛苦的”,所以它通常用于说明事物,而不宜用于说明人。比较并体会:
他仍很痛苦。
正: He is still in pain.
误: He’s still painful.
你感到痛吗
正: Do you feel any pain?
误: Are you painful?
见到你这样生活我很痛心。
正: I am pained to see you living this way.
误: I am painful to see you living this way.
听到他的死讯,我们都很痛苦。
误: We were all painful to hear of his death.
正: We were all pained to hear of his death.
他眼睛痛。
正: He has painful eyes.
误: He’s painful in the eyes.
4. “ Our team is_____ to win the match.”“ Really? But I don’ t think so.”
A. easy B. difficult
C. possible D. sure
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选,因为假若单纯从中文意思来看,四个答案均说得通。
【分析】正确答案为 D, A、 B、 C三项填入空格处虽然从汉语来看说得通,但不合英语习惯。因为按英语习惯, easy和 difficult后接不定式时,其主语(或逻辑主语)通常应是 it,而不能是具体的人或物,除非这个主语与其后不定式有动宾关系。如:
他回答案这个问题很容易。
误: He’s very easy to answer this question.
正: It is very easy for her to answer this question. (用形式主语 it作主语)
正: The question is very easy for her to answer. (主语为具体的事物,但它与其后不定式有动宾关系,即 to answer this question)
我们很难在半小时内完成这工作。
误: We are very difficult to finish the work in half an hour.
正: It is very difficult for us to finish the work in half an hour. (用形式主语 it作主语)
对 possible来说,后接不定式时,其主语只能是 it,不能是具体的人或事物,即使该主语与其后的不定式有动宾关系也不可以。如:
我们可能会赢得这场比赛。
误: We are possible to win the match.
误: The match is possible for us to win.
正: It is possible that we will win the match.
正: It is possible for us to win the match.