数词一般与其它知识综合起来考察，比如倍数的表达方法，多个形容词的排列顺序等。近几年语境综合化程度越来越高。
连词按其性质,分为并列连词和从属连词,考点分布在单项选择､完形填空和短文改错中｡《英语教学大纲》和《考试大纲》语法项目表中对连词的考查是这样描述的:掌握词汇表中所列连词的用法｡即要求考生分析句子成分,把握语境和逻辑关系,恰当选择合适连词,使句意通顺,逻辑清楚｡连接代词或连接副词用于名词性从句,统称连接词｡
连词考点透析
考点一、､特殊并列连词 while/ when
例 1. I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel_______ I heard the steps. ( 2006年高考湖南卷)
A. while
B. when
C. since
D. after
例 2. I’ d like to study law at university_______ my cousin prefers geography. ( 2007年高考四川卷)
A. thoughB. as
C. while
D. for
[解析] B､ C｡作并列连词时, when/ while用法较为特殊,二者区别是: while表两相对照;而 when表突然､在那时,常见于 be about to do... when和 hardly... when等句型中｡
考点二、表示原因的连词 for/ because/ as/ since
例 3. He found it increasingly difficult to read,_____ his eyesight was beginning to fail.( 2006年高考北京卷)
A. and
B. for
C. but
D. or
例 4. Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada,______ this was a memory she especially treasured. ( 2006年高考广东卷)
A. as
B. if
C. when
D. where
例 5. Parents should take seriously their children’s requests for sunglasses________ eye protection is necessary in sunny weather.( 2004年高考上海卷)
A. because B. though
C. unless
D. if
例 6._____ everybody knows about it, I don’ t want to talk any more.
A. For
B. Even
C. Since
D. However
[解析] B､ A､ A､ C｡引导原因连词, as/ because/ since/ for的区别是: because语势最强,用来说明人所未知的原因,回答 why提出的问题,可置于强调句中且其前可加修饰语; since是双方都知晓原因或经过分析而得之的原因,语气次之; for是并列连词,前用逗号隔开,表逻辑推理或补充说明; as语气最弱,原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知,即已知原因,所引导的分句可置于句首｡
考点三、并列连词 but/ yet/ though
例 7. Excuse me for breaking in,______ I have some news for you.
A. so
B. and
C. but
D. yet
[解析] C｡ but和 yet是连词,可等同使用,但也有区别｡ yet与 and连用,构成 and yet,但 but却无此用法;在“ Excuse me/ I’m sorry/ I hope you don’ t mind… but”中,只用 but,不用 yet｡因为在表示对照或对立时, but较为轻松自然;而 yet却较为强烈,常出人意料; though作并列连词时,只能引导分句且其前须加逗号｡例: I’ ll try to come, though I don’ t think I shall manage it.
考点四、引导名词性从句的从属连词 that/ whether/ if
例 8. The traditional view is______ we sleep because our brain is“ programmed” to make us do so. ( 2007年高考上海卷)
A. when
B. why
C. whether
D. that
例 9. We haven’ t settled the question of_____ it is necessary for him to study abroad. ( 2006年高考江苏卷)
A. if
B. where
C. whetherD. that
[解析] D､ C｡引导名词性从句的从属连词 that与 whether的区别是:句子成分完整且表意确定时选用 that连接,句意不确定时选用 whether/ if连接;借助 it,将真正主语或宾语后置,构成“ It… that”句型,但 whether/ if不可;下列情形用 whether不用 if:与 or not连用,中间无其他词隔开;作介词宾语;在主语从句､表语从句和同位语从句中｡例:
Whether we’ ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
考点五、表示比较的从属连词 what/ as
例 10. Engines are to machines______ hearts are to animals. ( 2006年高考山东卷)
A. as
B. that
C. what
D. which
例 11._____ I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.( 2005年高考浙江卷)
A. WhenB. After
C. As
D. Since
例 12. What a table! I’ve never seen such a thing before. It is________ it is long.( 2005年高考湖北卷)
A. half not as wide as
B. wide not as half as
C. not half as wide as
D. as wide as not half
[解析] C､ C､ C｡ what用作从属连词,表比较,用于 A is to B what C is to D结构中;而 as表示原级比较,常用于 as... as结构中,程度修饰语应置于第一个 as之前,嵌入的形容词或副词使用原级｡另外 as还表“正如､按照”,引导方式连词｡
考点六、表示条件的从属连词 if/ unless/ as long as/ once
例 13. ________ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.
A. Even thoughB. UnlessC. As long asD. While
例 14. Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water____ they are not managed carefully.( 2007年高考上海卷)
A. though
B. before
C. until
D. if
例 15. You will be successful in the interview____ you have confidence. ( 2007年高考福建卷)
A. before
B. once
C. until
D. though
例 16. I won’ t call you,_____ something unexpected happens.( 2007年考全国卷)
A. unlessB. whether C. becauseD. while
[解析] C､ D､ B､ A｡表条件的连词 if/ unless/ as long as/ unless在用法上存在一些差异｡ as long as用法同 only if/ on condition that,强调某事的发生以另一事件的发生为前提; if为正面条件,可能会产生好的或坏的结果,若某种条件产生坏的结果,此时的 if可用 as long as替换; unless为反面条件,表示除非,如果不,故在真实条件句中常和 if… not换用; once既表时间,又包含条件,译作一旦｡
考点七、表示让步的从属连词 although/ when/ while
例 17. We had to wait half an hour_______ we had already booked a table. ( 2007年高考辽宁卷)
A. sinceB. although
C. until
D. before
例 18.______ I really don’ t like art, I find his work impressive. ( 2007年高考山东卷)
A. As
B. Since
C. If
D. While
【解析】 B､ D｡ although/ when/ while均可表示让步,后两者的用法较为特殊｡ although/ though引导让步连词时不与 but和 y et连用;而 while却表示“部分接受,但并非全部”,或用于“强调两种情况､活动等之间的差距”; when也可表示虽然,尽管,同 even if,常置于句末｡
