动词:动词的四种时态:
( 1)一般现在时:
一般现在时的构成
1. be动词:主语+ be( am, is, are)+其它。如: I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。
2. 行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如: We study English. 我们学习英语。
当主语为第三人称单数( he, she, it)时,要在动词后加" - s"或" - es"。如: Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
动词+ s的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加 - s,如: cook-cooks, milk-milks
2.以 s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加 - es,如: guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“辅音字母+ y”结尾,变 y为 i,再加 - es,如: study-studies
( 2)一般过去时:
动词过去式详解 动词的过去式的构成规则有:
A、规则动词
①一般直接在动词的后面加 ed:如 worked, learned, cleaned, visited
② 以 e结尾的动词直接加 d:如 lived, danced, used
③以辅音字母加 y结尾的动词要改 y为 i再加 ed(此类动词较少)如 study– studied carry– carried worry– worried(注意 play、 stay不是辅音字母加 y,所以不属于此类)
④双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如 stopped
B、不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式: sing– sang, eat– ate,
see– saw, have– had, do– did, go– went, take– took, buy– bought, get– got, read– read, fly– flew, am/ is– was,
are– were, say– said, leave– left, swim– swam, tell– told, draw– drew, come– came, lose– lost, find– found, drink– drank, hurt– hurt, feel– felt
( 3)一般将来时:
基本结构:① be going to+ do;
② will+ do. be going to= will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.
( 4)现在进行时: am, is, are+动词现在分词
动词现在分词详解动词的 ing形式的构成规则:
①一般的直接在后面加上 ing,如 doing, going, working, singing, eating
②以 e结尾的动词,要先去 e再加 ing,如 having, writing
③双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有: running, swimming, sitting, getting