一、一般疑问句
一般疑问句也可称为“ yes/ no questions”,因这种问句通常用 yes/ no来回答,相当于汉语中的“……吗?”其语序是:系动词 be/助动词/情态动词+主语+其他成分?如:
Are you from Japan?
Yes I am./ No I'm not.
Is her sister doing her homework now?
Yes she is./ No she isn't.
Does he work in a bank?
Yes he does./ No he doesn't.
Do you live near your school?
Yes I do./ No I don't.
Can you speak French?
Yes I can./ No I can't.
May I go home now?
Yes you may./ No you mustn't.
注意:
1.将陈述句变为一般疑问句时,如句中有 be动词( am is are…)时,可直接将它们提至主语前。如主语为第一人称,应将其改为第二人称。如:
I'm in Class 2 Grade 1.→
Are you in Class 2 Grade 1?
We're watching TV.→
Are you watching TV?
2.陈述句中有情态动词( can may must…)时,也可直接将它们提至主语前,即可成为一般疑问句。如:
He can swim now.→
Can he swim now?
The children may come with us.→ May the children come with us?
3.陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语且其时态为一般现在时,变为一般疑问句时要在句首加 do或 does主语后的实义动词用原形。如:
I like these animals.→
Do you like these animals?
She wants to go to the movies.→ Does she want to go to the movies?
4.一般疑问句一般读升调(↑)
5.一般疑问句有时不用 yes或 no回答。如:
Are they in town now?
I think so.
May I sit here?
Certainly.
Does he like soccer?
Sorry I don't know.
二、特殊疑问句
以疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有: what who whose which when where how why等。
特殊疑问句有两种语序:
1.如疑问词作主语或主语的定语,即对主语或主语的定语提问,其语序是陈述句的语序:疑问词(+主语)+谓语动词+其他成分?如:
Who is singing in the room?
Whose bike is broken?
2.如疑问词作其他成分,即对其他成分提问,其语序是:疑问词+一般疑问句语序? 如:
What class are you in?
What does she look like?
Where are you from?
What time does he get up every morning?
How do you know?
注意:
1.回答特殊疑问句时,不能用 yes/ no,即问什么答什么,尤其是简略回答。如:
Who is from Canada?
Helen (is).
Where's the restaurant?
Near the station.
Why do you like koalas?
Because they are cute.
2.特殊疑问句一般读降调(↓)。