形容词
一 定义:
用来修饰名词,表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词,叫形容词。
二 形容词的作用:
1.作定语,例: You can see a lot of beautiful flowers in the garden.
2.作表语,例: Your cost is small.
3.宾语补足语,例: The old woman keeps everything clean and tidy.
注意:
有些形容词只能作表语,如: alone, afraid, asleep等。
例:
Don't wake the sleeping baby up. He is asleep.
The old man is alone.
形容词用来修饰 something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词,要放在这些词的后面。
例:
You'd better tell us something interesting.
The police found nothing strange in the room.
多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序是: 1)冠词或人称代词 2)数词 3)性质 4)大小 5)形状 6)表示老少,新旧 7)颜色 8)事务、质地、人的国籍、用途。
例:
His grandpa still lives in this small short house.
他爷爷还住在这个矮小的房子里。
The woman bought two beautiful Chinese plates.
那个妇女买了两个漂亮的中国盘子。
形容词名词化:有些形容词前加定冠词后变成名词,表示一类人,谓语常用复数。这类词有: rich/ poor; good/ bad; young/ old; healthy/ ill; living/ dead; black/ white(表示人种等)。
例:
The young should take good care of the old.
年轻人应该好好照顾老人。
形容词短语做定语时要后置。
例:
They are the students easy to teach.
他们是很容易较的学生。
We live in a house much larger than yours.
我们住的房子比你们的大得多。
else要放在疑问代词或复合不定词之后。
例:
Did you see anybody else?
你看到别的人了吗?
三.以 - ly结尾的形容词
1)大部分形容词加 - ly可构成副词。但 friendly, deadly, lovely, lonely, likely, lively, ugly, brotherly,仍为形容词。
例:
Her singing was lovely.
He spoke to me in a very friendly way.
2)有些以 - ly结尾既为形容词,也为副词,如 daily, weekly, monthly, yearly, early等。
例:
The Times is a weekly paper. 《时代周刊》为周刊。
The Times is published weekly. 《时代周刊》每周发行一期。