一一般现在时
◆概念及用法:⒈表示现在的状态: Judy is 12 years old and she is stay at home.
⒉表示经常或习惯性的动作: He goes to school at 7:30 every day.
⒊表示主语具备的性格和能力: Our monitor is very clever, He can learn English by himself.
◆常用的时间状语: always usually often every day/ week/ month/ year…
once a week on Sundays等
◆句式结构: be动词( am/ is/ are)
实义动词( have/ like/ eat…)
⒈肯定句: She is a beautiful girl. The boy does homework every night.
⒉否定句: be( am/ is/ are)+ not_______________________.
don’ t+ v. / doesn’ t+ v. _______________________
⒊一般疑问句: be提前到句首,回答 Yes/ No,主语+ be. ___________________________
Yes,______. / No,________.
提前助动词 do/ does,同时还原实意动词,回答 Yes,主语+ do/ does; No,主语+ don’ t/ doesn’ t. ___________________________
Yes,______. / No,________.
△ Bob comes from London.
→ 否定句: _______________________________
→ 一般疑问句并作肯、否定回答:________________________________
Yes,_________. / No,_________.
◆ 动词第三人称单数的构成方式:
当主语是第三人称单数( he/ she/ it/ the boy/ my father…)时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,其变化与可数名词单数变复数的规则相同,区别是一个是动词,一个是可数名词。见表:
一般加 - s swim→ swims
以 - s, - x, - ch, - sh,结尾加 - es watch→ watches
以“辅音字母+ y”结尾变 y为 i再加 - es fly→ flies
※不规则的: have→ has
二现在进行时
◆ 概念:表示现在正在进行的动作。
◆常见的时态标志词: now at the moment look listen等
◆句式结构: be( am/ is/ are)+现在分词⒈肯定句: She is reading a book now.
⒉否定句: be( am/ is/ are)+ not+现在分词________________.
⒊一般疑问句: be提前到句首,回答 Yes/ No,主语+ be. __________________
Yes,______. / No,________.
◆ 用法:⒈ 表示说话时正在进行的动作。如: Be quiet. My father is sleeping.
⒉ 表示目前一阶段正在进行的动作。如: He is always helping others.
⒊ 现在进行时表将来。如: Hurry up. The train is coming!
◆ 现在分词的构成方式见下表:
一般加 - ing read→ reading
以不发音的 - e结尾去 - e再加 - ing make→ making
以重读闭音节结尾, 双写这个辅音
且末尾只有一个辅字母,再加 stop→ stopping
音字母 - ing
※ lie→ lying