代词 one的用法很多,且容易误用,现将其常见的用法归纳如下:
一、 one可以代替前面刚提到过的同一类人或物,其复数形式为 ones。例如:
I haven 39; t got a pen. I 39; ll have to buy one.(我没有钢笔,我必须去买一支。)
I have a new story-book and several old ones.(我有一本新的故事书和几本旧的故事书。)
二、如果 one不带任何前置修饰语,而是单独使用时,其意义通常是泛指的。例如:
I have no recorder. I want to buy one.(我没有录音机,我想买一台。)
三、不定冠词 a/ an不可直接和 one连用,但 a/ an后面有形容词时,可以和 one连用。例如:
Have you any knives? I need a sharp one.(你有小刀吗?我需要一把锋利的。)
Have you any books? I want to have an interesting one.(你有书吗?我要一本有意思的。)
四、当 one (s)代替特指名词时,它前面总有定冠词或其他限定词。例如:
This room and the one upstairs are being cleaned.(这个房间和楼上的那个房间正在打扫。)
The film is not so good as the one we saw last week.(这部电影不如我们上星期看过的那部电影好。)
五、 one只能代替可数名词,如果所代替的是特指的不可数名词,那就不能用“ the one”,而应该用 that。例如:
The study of English is as important as that(= the study) of Chinese.(学习英语与学习汉语一样重要。)
六、 one (s)通常不用在名词所有格和形容词性的物主代词之后。例如:
他的书放在楼下,他哥哥的书放在楼上。
(误) His books are kept downstairs, and his elder brother 39; s ones are kept upstairs.
(正) His books are kept downstairs, and his elder brother 39; s are kept upstairs.
我的狗是黑色的,他的狗是黄色的。
(误) My dog is black, his one is yellow.
(正) My dog is black, his is yellow.
七、 one (s)不用在 own和 both之后。例如:
那幢房子是你租的,还是你自己的?
(误) Do you rent the house or is it your own one?
(正) Do you rent the house or is it your own?