短语归类法记单词
动词的变化形式，搭配活跃的词汇是高考考查重点，也是我记忆的重点。这些常考必考短语，是必须要掌握的。
一、介词短语
（一）介词+名词+介词
【名师点拨】一定要抓准该类短语中的名词含义。
【高频短语】
in want of需要， in praise of表扬， by means of靠……的手段， for the benefit of为了……的利益， in spite of不管， on top of在……之上， in front of在……前， in honor of为祝贺…… in terms of在……方面， in place of代替， in charge of负责， in favor of支持， in case of以防， on behalf of代表……， in need of需要， in face of面临…… in addition to除了……还， in memory of为了纪念……， in aid of用以援助， in case of以防。
【牛刀小试】请在上面所列高频短语中，选出合适的填入下面空白
1. When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside________ younger men.
2. China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals________ all its citizens.
3.________ fire, all exits must be kept clear.
4.________ our foreign policy, we now have multiple threats, very few of which involve the traditional battles of the past.
答案： 1. in favor of 2. for the benefit of 3. In case of 4. In terms of
（二）介词+名词
【名师点拨】
"介词 + 名词" 型短语的含义大多数情况下不能等于二词含义的相加，但是却有一定的规律可以遵循。牢记名词前介词的常用意思及用法，有助于整理这类短语的意义，比如： as意为“按照，作为”； at意为“在……”； by表方式手段，意为“通过……”； for译为“为了，相对于”； in强调状态，注意抓住该短语中的名词的含义； on可译为“一……就，相当于 upon”； out of意为“由于……，不……”； with+名词常常用来修饰动词，意为“……地”表动作的方式； under+名词短语常常意为“（正在）被……”，表被动概念。
【高频短语】
as a rule通常， as a result结果， at a time每次， at one time曾经， at a loss困惑， at ease自由自在， at hand即将到来， at length详细地， at no time在任何时都不， at once立即， at present目前， at times有时， at work在工作， by accident偶然地， by air/ sea乘飞机/船， by all means尽一切所能， by hand用手工， by heart凭记忆， by nature天生地， by name名叫……的， by no means决不， for fun为了快乐， for the moment暂时， for the time being暂时， for one thing... for another一方面......另一方面， for sale待售， in a way/ sense从某种意义上， in a/ one word总而言之， in advance预先， in addition另外， in all总共， in brief简明扼要地， in case以防， in charge主管， in common (with)与......共同之处， in danger处于危险中， in debt欠债， in detail详细地， in doubt怀疑， in effect/ fact/ reality实际上， in hand在控制中， in nature实际上， in no way/ in no case/ in no time决不， in order按顺序， in other words换句话说， in peace安详地， in person亲自， in place在适当的位置， in public公开地， in return作为回报， in store储藏着， in surprise惊奇地， in tears流着泪， in the wild在野外， in the way挡道， in trouble处于困境中， in turn依次地， in time及时， on average平均地， on arrival一到达， on board在机/船上， on business出差， on earth究竟，到底， on end连续地， on fire着火， on holiday在度假， on one's own亲自地， on leave休假， on no account决不， on sale减价出售， on show被展出， on the air在广播， on the go忙碌， on the spot在现场， on the move在活动中， on the way在途中， on the whole总的来说， out of action失效， out of breath上气不接下气， out of order不整齐， out of place不合适， out of print（书等）绝版的， out of practice荒疏， out of sight看不见， out of work失业， under construction正在修建中， under control被控制住, under discussion在讨论中， under repair在修理中。
【牛刀小试】用下面所给短语的适当形式填空
out of place; as a result; in time; at random; in detail
1. We’ d better discuss everything______ before we work out the plan.
2. The furniture, with its modern style and bright colors, suits modern houses and their gardens, but looks_______ in the garden of a traditional home
3.— Thank God you're safe!
— I stepped back, just_______ to avoid the racing car.
4. Although police could be seen everywhere, they seemed to be searching the houses almost________.
5. My friend Martin was very sick with a strange fever；______, he could neither eat nor sleep.
The way we usually do this is as follows.
答案： 1. in detail 2. out of place 3. in time 4. at random 5. as a result
